Darul Iftaa Jordan
Darul Iftaa Jordan, via IslamQA.org (post 228941)Saying Jumu'ah Mubarakah is lawful and is not an innovation, because it is a supplication. The phrase should not be attributed to the Prophet, as no report for that exists.
Ruling guide
Scholars differ. Many say Jumma Mubarak is a permissible supplication; others say exchanging Friday congratulations is not prescribed. Almost all agree it must not be treated as a Sunnah or an obligation.
Scholars differ: many say Jumma Mubarak is a permissible supplication, others say Friday congratulations are not prescribed. Almost all agree it is not a Sunnah.
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The permissive view
These answers treat Jumma Mubarak as a supplication for a fellow Muslim, which is allowed in principle.
Saying Jumu'ah Mubarakah is lawful and is not an innovation, because it is a supplication. The phrase should not be attributed to the Prophet, as no report for that exists.
Saying Jumu'ah Mubarakah is permissible, though it is not an established Sunnah. It should not be insisted on as required or superior, and the Sunnah acts of Friday stay central.
Saying Jummah Mubarak is permissible in principle. It becomes an innovation if someone believes it is necessary or an established Sunnah of Friday.
Greeting a brother with salam and then supplicating for him on Friday is not a reprehensible innovation, by analogy with the permitted Eid greetings.
The restrictive view
These answers say a fixed Friday greeting needs a textual basis, and none is reported.
Exchanging congratulations on Fridays is not prescribed, so it should not be done. Making dua for a brother on Friday, seeking the hour of answered prayer, is fine. The answer quotes Shaykh Salih al-Fawzan and Shaykh Sulayman al-Majid.
Saying Jumu'ah Mubarakah every Friday or after the prayer is treated as a newly introduced innovation, most clearly when it is said as worship or believed to be a Sunnah.
Common ground
The disagreement is narrower than it first looks.
No source above treats Jumma Mubarak as a Sunnah of Friday, and none says it is required.
Both views accept making dua for another Muslim on Friday. The question is only whether a fixed greeting should become a weekly custom.
Ghusl, early arrival, the khutbah, salawat and dua are the established acts of the day. A greeting should never replace them.
If you follow a particular school or teacher, ask them, and respect people who choose not to say it.
Practical
A careful way to greet that respects both views.
Greet with salam first
Say it as a dua, not as a ritual
Do not call it a Sunnah
Do not pressure anyone to reply
Keep Friday's Sunnah acts first
Helpful answers
Scholars differ. Darul Iftaa Jordan, Sheikh Ahmad Kutty and Darul Ifta Birmingham say it is permissible as a supplication; Islam Q&A and IslamWeb say exchanging Friday congratulations is not prescribed.
Some scholars call it an innovation, especially when it is treated as worship or a Sunnah. Others say it is not an innovation because it is a supplication. Both views agree it must not be called a Sunnah.
No. None of the sources treats it as a Sunnah of Friday or as something required.
You can greet with salam and make a dua for the person, such as asking Allah to accept their prayers on Friday.
Whichever view you follow, Friday's established acts come first. If you say Jumma Mubarak, say it as a dua and never as a duty.
Next: Jumma Mubarak Dua